Often the illness develops slowly, with vague initial symptoms such as swelling of the hands, carpal tunnel syndrome, sensitivity to cold, fatigue, heartburn, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, and reduced endurance.

• 硬皮病通常发展缓慢,伴随着不明原因的始发症状,如手部水肿,碗管综合症,对冷敏感,容易疲劳,心痛,吞咽困难,呼吸急促和身体耐受力的减退。