Ocean acidification, which poses adverse effects on calcifying species such as corals, echinoderms, crustaceans, and mollusks as well as certain phytoplankton.

• 海洋酸化，这就造成了不利影响钙化物种如珊瑚，棘皮动物，甲壳类动物，和软体动物以及某些浮游植物。