Methods: With Heidelberg Mathematics Test to assess basic mathematical competencies in the elementary school level, 551 students of the first to sixth grade were measured in three average elementary schools in Wuhan.

• 方法采用《德国海德堡大学小学生数学基本能力测试量表》翻译版团体测试武汉市3所普通小学1-6年级共12个班级551名学生。