In one study, a group of Stanford students was exposed repeatedly to an unsubstantiated claim taken from a Web site that Coca-Cola is an effective paint thinner.

• 在一项研究中，一群来自斯坦福大学的学生要把一条来自互联网的、未经证实的消息读很多遍：可口可乐是一种有效的油漆稀释剂。