In Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, and Marathi there is much poetic literature, written by Muslims and commencing with the Islamic invocation of Allah, which nevertheless betrays strong Hindu influence.

• 在北印度、孟加拉、古吉拉特、旁遮普和马拉地，有很多诗歌文献，是由穆斯林写的，从一开始就以伊斯兰式的安拉作为祷告，可是仍然流露出印度教的强烈影响。