For instance,the surface material will be destructed and eroded by ion sputting and discharging, the spacecraft surface will be contaminted by redeposition, the electronic system will be interfered or destructed by ESD,and so on.

• 例如表面材料因遭受离子轰击和电弧放电而老化、剥蚀，由于材料再沉积而使表面污染增加以及航天器电子系统因静电放电而受到严重的干扰和破坏等。