Continuous, intraoperative, real-time, assessment of left ventricular (LV) function is possible using LV dimensions determined by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) with automatic endocardial border detection (ABD).

• 自动心内膜检测技术(automatic border detection，ABD)与经食道超声(TEE)的结合可以直接测量心腔在心动周期各时点的面积或容积变化而无创监测心功能。