According to the authors of this study however there is limited evidence supporting VUR as a risk factor for recurrent UTIs or evaluating the risks and benefits of antibiotic treatment.

• 尽管如此，该研究的作者称，没有证据说明输尿管膀胱返流是复发性尿感的危险因素，关于抗生素治疗的利弊也很难评估。